Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic illness related to the the disunctioning of Central Nervous System. It is an autoimmune disease caused by the attack of immune T cells on the myelin sheath that surrounds the highly sensitive nerve fibres. The myelin sheath is made up of a fatty substance that protects and insulates the nerve fibres. Multiple sclerosis causes inflammation in myelin sheath called demyelination and inflammation in nerve fibres also.
The compressed or inflammated nerve fibres exhibit low velocity of impulse transfer and early fatigue. The proliferation of neuroglial tissues occurs due to generation of fibroid during recovery of demyelinated area. It causes relapsing-remitting lesions in CNS which give rise to partial or severe CNS blockages. The generation of clots and lesions causes CNS attacks that may give rise to life time immobility or paralysis of a body part or significant impairment of muscles. Multiple Sclerosis affects muscular movements due to impairment of connected nerve fibres. It causes imbalances in body posture and the person may face serious difficulties in undergoing his day to day activities. It may generate vision impairment in one or both eyes due to damage to optical nerve fibre. It causes spasms, weakness, cognitive imbalance, malfunctioning of limbs, anxiety, headaches and migraines.
There is no specific cure to this disease, only the symptoms can be controlled under proper medication and treatment plans. MS physio has been found effective in lessening the troubles faced by the patients of multiple sclerosis to perform their day to day activities.
Individual physiotherapical plans are created by the certified physiotherapists who have the knowledge and learning to handle a MS patient. The patients are trained to undergo different physiotherapy techniques as per the level of muscular impairment. MS physio emphasizes on re-educating and maintaing postural balance, improving voluntary control and stimulating all sensory and perceptual experience.
-Resistance training programmes, weight bearing exercises are recommended to the patients which help them to maintain physical balance, bone and muscle mass. Depression, fatigue, reduced walking abilities, lower extremity muscle strength and impairments in respiratory system get improved by means of appropriate and regular exercises.
-Aquatic exercise programs are organised under desired temperature conditions to facilitate favourable and relaxing medium for exercise. Water reduces the resistance to body movements thus improves the free functioning of muscles.
-Aerobic exercises improve the aerobic fitness and reduces the fatigue in the body.
-Specific balance exercises are recommended to the MS patients which help them to maintain their postural balance. Balance improving exercises also help the patients to minimise the risk of uncontrolled falls.
-Horseback riding is one of the best therapeutic technique recommended to the patients of multiple sclerosis. The forward and backward swinging motions generated in horse riding improve the muscular strength, facilitates postural balance and help to lessen the anxiety.